Code:
The word “Judge” denotes not only every person who is officially designated as a Judge, but also every person.
who is empowered by law to give, in any legal proceeding, civil or criminal, a definitive judgment, or a judgment which, if not appealed against, would be definitive, or a judgment which, if confirmed by some other authority, would be definitive, or
who is one of a body or persons, which body of persons is empowered by law to give such a judgment.
Illustrations
(a) A Collector exercising jurisdiction in a suit under Act 10 of 1859, is a Judge.
(b) A Magistrate exercising jurisdiction in respect of a charge on which he has power to sentence to fine or imprisonment, with or without appear, is a Judge.
(c) A member of a panchayat which has power, under 1Regulation VII, 1816, of the Madras Code, to try and determine suits, suits, is a Judge.
(d) A Magistrate exercising jurisdiction in respect of a charge on which he has power only to commit for trial to another Court, is not a Judge.
Explain the Code: 19 IPC
This section states that whoever voluntarily causes hurt to any person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both.
Illustrate the Code:
For example, if someone intentionally pushes another person causing them physical injury, this would fall under the purview of Section 19.
Common Questions and Answers:
Q: What constitutes “hurt” under Section 19?
A: “Hurt” is defined in Section 319 of the IPC. It refers to any harm that causes bodily pain, disease, or infirmity.
Q: Does causing hurt need to be intentional to fall under Section 19?
A: Yes, the act of causing hurt must be voluntary and intentional.
Q: What is the punishment for violating Section 19?
A: The punishment is imprisonment of up to one year, a fine of up to Rs. 1000, or both.
